These severe weather advisories and warnings are published in the newspapers, social media and broadcasted over radio and television. For the west coast states of Peninsular Malaysia, thunderstorms contribute to a mean monthly rainfall maximum during these two transition periods. Morning skies are often clear and this favours to the development of thunderstorms in the afternoon. Sabah is relatively wetter (exceeding 200 mm) due to the tail effect of the typhoons which frequently traverse the Philippine during their journey across the South China Sea and beyond.ĭuring the inter-monsoon periods, winds are light and variable. In particular, the dry condition in Peninsular Malaysia is accentuated by the rain shadow effect of the Sumatra mountain range. This is attributed to the relatively stable atmospheric conditions in the equatorial region. During this season, most states in the country experience monthly rainfall minimum (typically 100 - 150 mm).
The Southwest Monsoon is comparatively drier throughout the country except for the state of Sabah in East Malaysia. Monsoon weather system which develops in conjunction with the cold air outbreaks from Siberia produces heavy rainfall which often causes severe floods along the east coast states of Peninsular Malaysia which are Kelantan, Terengganu, Pahang and East Johore as well as in the state of Sarawak in East Malaysia. The Northeast Monsoon is the major rainy season in our country. Moist southeasterlies originating from the southern Indian Ocean and the Indonesian-Australian region transforms into southwesterlies when crossing the Equator and flow across the Southeast Asia before converging towards Indochina, China and Northwest Pacific. As hot air expands and rises upwards, a semi-permanent low-pressure area develops. In summer, intense solar heating leads to scorching temperatures over the Asian landmass. Cold air flows out of Siberia as northwesterlies and turns into northeasterlies on reaching the coastal waters of China before heading towards Southeast Asia.įrom time to time, strong outbursts of cold air (termed as monsoon surges) interact with low pressure atmospheric systems and cyclonic vortices that are formed near the Equator resulting in strong winds and high seas in the South China Sea and heavy rainfall to east coast states of Peninsular Malaysia as well as the west coast of Sarawak in East Malaysia. As temperature drops, the atmospheric pressure rises and an intense high pressure system (anticyclone) develops over Siberia. In winter, the continental landmass cools rapidly resulting in extremely low temperatures over the central Asia. Monsoon is caused by land-sea temperature differences due to heating by the solar radiation.
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